甘肃省科技报告共享服务系统

【关键词】双电机；独立驱动；小型纯电动；汽车；
【报告摘要】本报告通过小型纯电动汽车整车动力系统集成、动力系统机电耦合、双电机独立驱动、网络通讯和控制技术、电磁兼容性技术、整车匹配标定和试验技术等专项研究，解决了分布式驱动电动汽车整车集成与控制技术的瓶颈问题，在双轮分布式驱动、电子差速、CAN总线网络化控制、BMS电池管理、制动能量回收、辅助部件电动化等方面取得了重大技术突破，开发了高速双轮分布式驱动小型纯电动汽车及其整车控制器、车载充电机、冷暖空调、智能仪表等，实现了电驱动、电制动、电动助力转向、网络化综合仪表等部件的有效集成。通过对磷酸铁锂动力电池成组应用的技术攻关，开发了磷酸铁锂电池成组封装技术及适用的电池管理系统，完成了动力系统的匹配。采用了新型的充换兼容电能补充模式，对于现阶段电动汽车面临的电能补充和充电基础设施建设标准难题，提供了多途径解决方案。本研究对我国电动汽车产业化推广具有重要的科技带动和示范作用。
【全文页数】 77 【馆藏号】306--2013-005837

三维黑河流域水土决策支持系统研究报告
A novel decision support system with rich user experiences for water and soil management in Heihe River Basin

公开范围：公开

编制时间： Sunday, June 01, 2008

报告类型：

最终报告

报告作者：

[1]南卓铜(中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所)

中文摘要：

黑河流域是我国西部典型的干旱区内陆河流域，具有全球独特的以水为纽带的“冰雪／冻土－河流－湖泊－绿洲－沙漠”多元自然景观，自然过程十分复杂。在全球气候变化和人类活动加剧的背景下，流域内生态脆弱，水资源短缺严重制约流域经济发展和导致生态恶化,黑河流域的管理和发展面临巨大的挑战。流域管理问题需要综合统筹处理，流域生态—社会经济环境是一个整体，每个要素都相互影响，必须综合应用多学科和跨学科的最新研究成果，并在科学决策方法支持下统筹管理。本研究以水文水资源模型和土地利用变化模型为基础，以计算机三维游戏为表现手段，建立了用于黑河流域水土资源可持续发展的决策支持系统原型，成功部署到黑河流域水务水管部门并试运行，对黑河流域管理起到辅助决策作用。本研究建成了基于科学模型的黑河流域水土资源可持续发展决策支持系统原型。该原型集成地理信息系统，多准则决策流程和三维界面。全部基于开源代码，模型原型可以主流操作系统上跨平台运行，具备自主知识产权。在基于情景驱动的DSS概念设计、三维场景的表现形式以及多准则决策流程的图形化实现等方面具有创新性。以黑河流域为研究区域，此决策支持系统集成了水文模型（SWAT）、水资源管理模型（黑河中游灌溉模型）、陆面过程模型（Noah）以及一个土地利用模型，并在决策支持系统支持下在黑河流域进行了模型应用，包括将一维Noah模型扩展成二维、在SWAT模型增加了基于物理过程的积雪模块以提高黑河中上游的模型精度。开展黑河中上游野外土壤采样，取得目前黑河流域最具代表的土壤数据；根据专家知识，建立了一套适用于模型模拟的黑河流域土地利用数据图，在西部数据中心共享网站上已经被超过10个项目用于黑河流域建模。该报告还尝试利用知识推理引擎建立黑河流域水文模型选择专家知识系统原型，实现了水文模型流域尺度匹配、黑河流域水文模型智能选择、张掖市节水社会专家知识系统等三个案例。

英文摘要：

The Heihe River Basin (HRB) is a typical inland river basin in the arid west China, featuring distinct landscapes such as snow/ice/frozen ground, river, lake, oasis and desert. Under the background of global climatic change and increasing human activities, ecological systems in the basin are becoming more fragile. The shortage of water resources is becoming the key factor constraining local economical and social development. Efficient watershed management requires ecological and social systems in the basin are treated in a holistic manner. Inter-disciplinary studies are needed to support such management. This study targets to establish a decision support system with rich user experiences to support the watershed management which involves scientific models from multiple disciplines. A prototype system aided with three dimensional user interface were established for water and soil management in HRB and it was successfully deployed in water management sectors of Zhangye city in middle reaches. The prototype system integrates multiple soil and water scientific models as well as an open source geographic information system, multi-criteria decision making workflow and three dimensional working interface. It complies with open source protocol and is able to be run on almost all modern operating systems. The innovative aspects include a novel design of scenario-driven DSS, the presentation with three dimensions, and the implementation of multi-criteria decision making workflow. The integrated models contain a hydrological model, namely SWAT, an irrigated model for the middle reaches, a land surface model, namely Noah and a land use/land cover change model. Model enhancements and applications were made using HRB as the study area. The enhancements include the extension of 1d Noah to 2d, adding a physically explicit snow melt module to SWAT to improve its simulation accuracy in the mountain areas of HRB. Valuable and most representive soil samples were obtained during the field work in HRB to make up the lack of observed soil properties. A new method was developed to make exiting land use map of HRB usable to the models, by which the converted map already got used by more than 10 other projects. This study was also attempted to develop an prototype expert system to incorporate complex and ill-structured knowledge about water resources and their rational use. This prototype was demonstrated by three applications, i.e., smart scale matching for hydrological models, intelligent hydrological model selection, and water saving society assessment of Zhangye city.

中文关键词：

黑河；决策支持系统；模型集成；三维；水土资源

英文关键词：

Heihe River Basin; decision support system; model integration; three dimension; water and soil resources

全文页数：

44,图27,表0

馆藏号：

306--2014-001061